Emergency Management And The Homeland Security Information...

Introduction Emergency management functions around four main ideas, mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. These terms are widely used throughout the federal emergency management agency, which in turn integrates them into every aspect of emergency management as a whole. Using the terms mentioned helps create programs such as web-based situational awareness programs the Homeland Security Information Network known as â€Å"HSIN†. Web-based situational awareness programs are vital programs to have during any emergency event, whether it is used during an active emergency event, training for an event, or for everyday use. The city of Everett currently uses one form of web-based situational awareness program that is mainly used by first responders such as police and fire agencies. Integrating a new system that is beneficial for all federal, state, local, and tribal agencies as well as organizations is the most beneficial for interoperability. 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Marketing Analysis of Haigh’s Chocolates essay assignment help

Question: Analysis of Marketing Haighs Chocolates. Answer: Introduction Organizations operate in different environments that often determine their choice of marketing and strategies for success applied. Unstable conditions often lead to the need for better strategic decisions as well as better planning in marketing methods since the methods contribute proactively to improving the organization's long-term position. Haighs company operates in the highly competitive confectionary industry due to the significant players that increase the level of competition. Hence, the company is expected to make strategic choices in their marketing options to ensure it meets the environmental demands as well as differentiating the company from competitors. Corporate marketing strategy should be based on customer needs, innovative products, and promotion of sustainable development. Haighs pride itself for producing high-quality and premium chocolates enhancing its marketing position as well as providing a competitive advantage over competitors in the industry. The research is based on understanding the marketing background of the company with the primary focus on sustainable practices, marketing strategies and a comparison of its marketing mix with competitors. Marketing Background of the Company Haighs chocolate is an Australian chocolate maker and one of the oldest family-owned businesses specializing in premium chocolates in Adelaide South Australia. Founded in 1915 by Alfred Haigh, the company has more than 500 employees in their factory, retail stores and administration throughout Australia. The company is well known for producing high-quality products which provide the basis for marketing their products as well as increasing the customer loyalty. Marketing strategies in the organization provide the foundation for achieving their vision as well as goals. Haighs success is also based on the use of best and fresh ingredients since 1915 to make their chocolates. Haighs also have developed a unique blend of products based on artistic products (Haighs Chocolates, 2016). The company has 14 retail stores and a growing online presence that provide as the basis for serving more customers besides selling the company. One of the key strategies that have promoted the company to its current top position includes the delivery of the best possible products and customer services. The marketing background of the enterprise has different key aspects that can be evaluated to understand the competitive position of the organization in the industry (Haighs Chocolates, 2016). Haigh business has a lot of experience in the sector owing to the years of operation since its inception. The companys business focuses on making premium handmade chocolates which have helped in positioning itself in the market as well as attaining the target market. Unlike most of the competitors who sell imported chocolate or ingredient for producing the products, Haighs uses quality local ingredients providing a better product positioning. The companys marketing background has been significantly influenced by several business practices. First, the use of fresh and quality ingredients available locally in making the chocolates serves as the basis for the success of the company in the country. It also ensures sustainable farming in areas where they source the ingredients both locally and internationally. The company then roasts the cocoa beans and blends them locally creating the high quality chocolate production. The practice ensures the company has sustainable resources that contr ibute to the long-term development or achievement of their goals (Gravett, 2003). The company is also UTZ certified suggesting that it emphasizes on sustainable farming to improve the farmers through better farming methods, working conditions and providing information on the appropriate environment for agriculture. The company offers a unique blend of chocolates that helps in creating a competitive advantage owing to the local ingredients used in their production process. Haighs also controls the process from the beginning of acquiring the ingredients to the finished products as well as sales to the customers. The aspects promote the quality and customer focused perspective of the organization as well as improving the brands through customer feedback on new products (Doole Lowe, 2005). Another practice that serves as the basis for the marketing of the goods, as well as long-term success for the company, includes blending tradition quality products with new and improved technology. The strategy provides a competitive advantage as well as enhancing how the company supplies the final product to the customers. The inclusion of technology has a high impact on the product as well as marketing leading to sustainable success in the organization. For example, the practice of blending tradition and technology has fostered the development of online channels rather than the traditional retail stores leading to increased customers and revenues. However, the practice is often challenged due to the ability of the company to accommodate growth owing to the increasing volume of customer demands. Technology is critical for both production components and the marketing options since it increases the companys ability to market their products to a higher number of customers (Costa, 2010 ). Haighs operates in a highly competitive environment creating the need to have sustainable practices to address the problems. The company engages in environmental sustainability practices by supporting environmental causes as well as introducing its initiatives as part of the business. The company ensures a commitment to creating environmentally friendly practices in their business such as through packaging by using 100% recyclable products. The company also limits the use of plastic bags and rather encourages biodegradable bags. The environmental practices promote the sustainable development of the organization. The company also engages in conservation initiatives of different species such as giant panda among others which are also used as the product symbols of their chocolates. The environmental practices provide positive aspects to the organization as well as the environment supporting the sustainability of the organization (El-Sady, Nassar, Sultanova Mousa, 2012). Haighs is also part of the industry association and also has global partnerships with different organizations and governments aimed at improving the lives of cocoa farmers through the certification process. The practices provide a better marketing ground for the team since it's viewed as caring to the society promoting its continued development. The practice of training farmer ensures continued production of quality products and sustainability of the organization. The company also engages in other sustainable practices such as society support through financial and product donation to groups and charities such as the Childrens charity (Harrower, 2011). The practice serves as the best way to contribute towards cultural and environmental causes. On the other hand, the company engages in sponsorships aimed at making a positive difference in the Australian society as well as marketing the organization (Gleim, 2011). Other practices include employing qualified and creative people that ensure they are focused on the right task. The team emphasizes on making products that meet the demand of the customers through innovative skills and technology. The company employees are committed to delivering products that expand beyond the storefronts as well as selling online to increase demand. The transition to the cloud is a practice that has enabled the organization to free some of the resources used before and focus on the core competency of production and sale of chocolates. The methods have allowed the team to deliver products based on the customer needs and preferences enhancing the overall growth of the organization (Lim, Acito Rusetski, 2006). Main Products, Services, Suppliers, and Customers Products Haighs mainly deals with chocolate production and is a well-known brand in Australia. The company has a product portfolio of different and unique brands of chocolate which are high-quality driving sales and competitive position in Australia. The company uses artisan skills which are combined with chocolate making technologies to create award winning products. They have differentiated products that include chocolate bars, blocks, and chocolate confectionary. Other products by the company include boxed chocolates, centenary collection, and loose chocolates among others. The company combines technology and creativity to develop high techniques applied in producing high-quality products. Hence, the company products remain attractive to different customers due to the quality and fresh taste of the chocolates and product choice of more than 250 varieties. According to research, Haighs have a team that provides innovative and creative recipes each year as well as enhancing the old favorites to offer customers worth a diverse selection of chocolates (Kizil, Eddy, Clary Crowell, 2013). The provision of different varieties and quality improves the competitive position of the company as well as increasing its customer base. In all the products provided, the company maintains the quality thus providing a marketing aspect of the products as well as enhancing the ability to retain customers (Kharabsheh, Jarrar Simenonva, 2014). Suppliers Haighs supplies chocolate products in all its retail stores as well as online sites to its clients. The company applies the vertically integrated model of the supply chain where their products manufacture and sale are made on the raw materials available. The company has a small percentage of its products supplied through wholesalers operating in different niche locations. The method promotes the overall business sales as well as enhancing the store network. However, the company uses the retail outlets like the major supply method of their products to the customers as the company has 14 retail stores. Since Australia lacks an established cocoa beans industry, the company has suppliers of cocoa beans in different parts of the globe such as African, Ecuador, and New Guinea among other areas. The suppliers source the highest quality to ensure the company maintains its quality aspect of the chocolates produced. Haighs sources their raw products from local farmers in collaboration with loc al agents. Besides, they provide support to the cocoa-growing industry through engaging the farmers in education programs to improve the lives as well as the quality of the produce. On the other hand, Haighs have partnered with CHEP to ensure the ingredients arrive on time and in good condition. CHEP enhances the distribution channel of the company, proper management such as pallet management as well as providing the products are available to the customers promptly. CHEP also helps the company in dealing with the suppliers as well as reducing discrepancies (Bailey, 2015). Customers Haighs chocolates serve diverse customers and have a larger market share in Australia. The products entice a range of clients from the young and the old giving the company more control over their product offerings. On the other hand, the company has a focus on the higher class members of the society through its premium products. They develop selected products for the high-end market-enhancing the ability of the company to meet the market needs. With the growing chocolate consumption in both Australia and the world, Haighs has significant opportunities that can support the sustained development (Fulwood, 2014). Marketing Strategies used by the Company Pricing Strategy Marketing plays a significant role in the success of any organization; however, the leaders must have the ability to develop appropriate strategies that meet the organization's demands. Some of the marketing strategies applied by Haighs includes pricing strategies, promotion, and distribution. For example, the company serves diverse customers suggesting that they have a different pricing strategy. Haighs have a pricing strategy that is based on the target customers such as the premium products that attract higher prices for the wealthy clients. On the other hand, the company applies a pricing method that is influenced by the supply and demand aspect of their products (Duffy, 2012). Promotional Methods On the other hand, Haighs chocolates use different promotional methods to market their products. The company ensures continued engagement with the customers in various ways such as online presence which serves as the primary marketing and selling tool. Besides the retail stores, the company has a rich online presence that allows the customers to shop online. The method not only helps to increase sales but also promotes the company to more clients and enhances efficiency in their distribution methods. The company also uses social media to promote its products as well as engage with the customers regarding product development or packaging options. Social media helps the company to reduce marketing costs and reach a higher number of people within a short time. The method is useful in some of its target markets such as the young people. The company also uses advertisements in the print media to develop new ideas. Other promotional methods used by the company include their packaging optio ns as well as distribution through the retail stores rather than the supermarkets (Park, 2004). Distribution Haighs prefers the use of retail stores as their core distribution option of the products to the customers rather than using wholesalers with an exception in some areas. The method is useful in serving the customers directly as well as getting the customers views on their products. The retail stores serve as the selling points of their products ensuring the company has control of the entire process from production to the sale of the finished products to the customers. The distribution strategy provides a chance to engage with the customers as well as enhancing the efficiency of the organization (Trez Fernando, 2012). Competition Analysis and Marketing Mix The company has been facing the right type of competition when it comes to its products. The direct competitors are those such as the Cadbury and Nestle. They produce the same product only that they are from the different companies. The target group is the same hence bringing in the direct form of competition. The indirect competition cannot be applied in this situation because there is no other product that can replace chocolates. What the other companies do to bring competition is producing different flavors of the product (Evans, 2014). However, Haighs is viewed as a strong company with the ability to beat competition due to its strong areas (see Appendix 1: SWOT analysis). The company uses the four types of the marketing mix. These are the product, price, place, and promotion that provide a competitive position. The product they produce is a single flavor that enables them to focus on the quality. The less competition and pressure from the other companies tend to influence them t o produce high-quality goods. The pricing is one that can be affordable to the people so that they could maintain their market and their customers. This ensures it is not high that the customers tend to opt for the other cheaper products from the other companies. The place is strategic where the product reaches the local market and also the tourists who come to visit the country. This is a marketing mix strategy to maintain its consumers. The promotion mix is highly utilized where they ensure that they use the required means of advertising for the product such as online and print media advertising (Truran, 2001). Recommendations For the company to work efficiently and produce the products that are more preferred, they have to come up with more sustainable means of producing the product. The first means is for them to ensure that they provided a variety of the product. This is because having a single type is a risk in case of the collapse of the brand. They should have a variety from which they can gain the products from. The other sustainable aspect is for them to ensure that they make the packaging more appealing and keep changing the branding, this enables the customers not to forget the availability of the product and also with the changing packaging; the customers are attracted more to the product in general (Thompson, Macdonald Friemann, 2014). Conclusions The case of Haighs chocolates demonstrates the impact of marketing strategies in the overall success of the organization. The companys continued progress has been enhanced by a variety of factors that include the pricing, promotion and distribution aspects that determines their marketing mix. As a family owned enterprise the leadership has also played a significant role in the success of the organization. Despite the major success and large market share held by the company; there is need to evaluate other opportunity for sustainable growth. The company should adopt a more sustainable aspect, and the best would be increasing the variety of the flavors of the chocolate. With the increased varieties, the company would do better and reduce its chances of closure if one of the brands sales reduces. References Haighs Chocolates, 2016. Haighs Chocolate Customer Case Study. Haighs Chocolates Doole, I., Lowe, R. 2005.Strategic marketing decisions in global markets. London [u.a.], Gleim, M.R. 2011,From green to gold: Three essays on corporate social responsibility as a marketing strategy, The Florida State University. Lim, L.K.S., Acito, F. Rusetski, A. 2006, "Development of archetypes of international marketing strategy",Journal of International Business Studies,vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 499- 524. Gravett, A. 2003,Sweet success and digital delights: Assessing the impact of Internet commerce upon the United States consumer market for Canadian produced, premium chocolate confections, Capella University. Kizil, C., Eddy, V., Clary, L. Crowell, K. 2013, "Hershey's Entry to the Australian Market with a New Brand: An Accounting and Marketing Perspective",Emerging Markets Journal,vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 97. Costa, M. 2010, "Experiential Marketing: One-off events reach out to an online audience",Marketing Week,, pp. 20-21. El-Sady, H., Nassar, M., Sultanova, V. Mousa, D. 2012, "The Impact Of Organizational Objectives On The Selection Of Defensive Marketing Strategies: Empirical Evidence From A Small Open Economy",Journal of Applied Business Research,vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 1345-1356. Harrower, N.L. 2011,The Effects of Organizational Culture on Marketing Programs: A Grounded Theory Study, University of St. Thomas (Minnesota). Kharabsheh, R., Jarrar, K. Simenonva, B. 2014, "The Impact of Competitive Strategies on Responsive Market Orientation,Proactive Market Orientation, Learning Orientation and Organizational Performance", Academic Conferences International Limited, Kidmore End, 09, pp. 547. Park, J.E. 2004,The impact of marketing outsourcing on the market-based organizational learning process, The University of Alabama. Truran, W.R. 2001,How organizational learning influences organizational success, Stevens Institute of Technology.

Iran Essays - Pahlavi Dynasty, Western Asia, Iranian Peoples, Iran

Iran Iran is a country located in the Middle East. Below it is the Gulf of Oman and to the west is the Persian Gulf. On the east is Afghanistan and to the north is Turkmenistan and the Caspian Sea. The total area of Iran is 632,457 square miles, which is slightly larger than Alaska and about 6 times smaller than the United States. Iran has about 65,612,000 people which is about 100 people per square mile. That means that the United States has close to 3 times the size in population than Iran. Climate and Geography Iran is split up into three regions of land forms. The first is the coast along the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman which has high temperatures of 120 degrees Fahrenheit. In the inland part of the plateau in can also hit 120 degrees. In the capital city Tehran, which is located at the edge of the Elburz Mountains, the average temperature is about 36 degrees Fahrenheit in January and 85 degrees Fahrenheit in July. In the nearby city of Abadan, which is on the coast of Iran up in the corner of the Persian Gulf, the temperatures are about the same, even though it's right by the Persian Gulf getting the warm air from the the water. The Plateau of Iran is very dry throughout most of it because the annual precipitation is about 1 or 2 inches. On the coast of the Persian Gulf they get 10 inches to 15 inches per year. In the Zagros and Elburz Mountain ranges, the precipitation is about 50 inches annually. Rivers in Iran are low in the summer time because most of them are on flat land. The only rivers that stay high are the ones that run from mountains. Like the Karun River, which flows from the Zagros Mountains into Khorramshahr. It is supposedly the most navigable river in Iran. The highest peak in Iran is Mount Damavand at 18,934 feet, it is part of the Elburz mountain range. The second highest peak is Mount Kalar, which is 14,100 feet high. The Karun river flows southward from beside this mountain. History In 549 B.C. Iran was called Persia and ruled by Cyrus the Great. He united the Medes and Persians to make the country we know of today as Iran. In the process of doing this, he also restored Jerusalem to the Jews and conquered Babylonia. About 200 years later, in 333 B.C., Alexander the Great came in and took over Persia, but a century later the Persians regained Persia from the help of the Pathians. In 226 A.D. the Persians lost and gave over Persia to the Sassanian Persians. Later in the 7th century, Arab people brought over the religion of Islam to Persia, pushing aside their first religion of Zoroastrian. This initially dominant religion still stuck around for hundreds of years despite the Islamic take over. In the eleventh century, Seljuk Turks dominated for a Persia before overrun by Mongols under the rule of Genghis Khan. Then came Tamelane and his Mongol Hordes, and after that the Turkomans took over. The Turkomans were overrun by Ismail I, who said that he was a descent from the great Ali. He became extremely popular and began the Safavid dynasty which lasted from 1502 to 1736 during his rule Shiism became the national religion. In 1736 the Afghans conquered Ali and started the Afshar dynasty followed by the Zand dynasty in 1750. The Zand dynasty ended in 1794 when Agha Muhammad Khan, a ruler who was cruel to the people promoted himself to Shah which is ruler of the country, and began the Qajar dynasty. In 1923, Reza Shah Pahavi came into Iran and pronounced himself prime minister. In 1925, he became elected Shah and ended the Qajar dynasty. Pahavi?s son took over in the 1940s when World War II started. Shah Muhammad Reza Pahlavi married and had a son, Prince Reza Pahlavi in 1960. He maintained close alliance with the United States during this time by signing a defense agreement. In 1963, the Shah formed a committee to form a program of modernization through land reform and industrializing Iran. This plan caused corruption in many of

75 Names of Unusual or Obsolete Occupations

75 Names of Unusual or Obsolete Occupations 75 Names of Unusual or Obsolete Occupations 75 Names of Unusual or Obsolete Occupations By Mark Nichol The English language abounds with word describing occupations and professions that are rare or obsolete or are otherwise unusual and hence obscure. Here is an incomplete but extensive list of such terms, along with brief definitions. 1. ackerman: a plowman or oxherder 2. alewife: a proprietor of a tavern 3. alnager: a wool inspector 4. arkwright: a carpenter specializing in wooden chests 5. bowyer: a bowmaker 6. brazier: a brass worker 7. catchpole: an official who pursues those with delinquent debts 8. caulker: someone who packs seams in ships or around windows 9. chandler: a candlemaker, or a retail supplier of specific equipment 10. chiffonier: a wigmaker 11. cobbler: a shoemaker 12. collier: a coal miner or a maker of charcoal (also, a ship that transports coal) 13. cooper: a maker or repairer of barrels, casks, and tubs 14. cordwainer: a shoemaker 15. costermonger: a fruit seller 16. crocker: a potter 17. currier: a leather tanner, or a horse groom 18. draper: a cloth dealer 19. drayman: a driver of a heavy freight cart 20. drummer: a traveling salesman 21. duffer: a peddler 22. eggler: an egg seller 23. factor: an agent or steward 24. farrier: someone who trims horse hooves and puts on horseshoes 25. fishmonger: a fish seller 26. fletcher: a maker of arrows 27. fuller: someone who shrinks and thickens wool cloth 28. glazier: a glassmaker or window maker 29. haberdasher: an owner of or worker in a store for men’s clothing or small items used for making clothes 30. hawker: a peddler 31. hayward: an official responsible for fences and hedges 32. higgler: a peddler of dairy products and small game (also, a haggler, or someone who negotiates for lower prices) 33. hobbler: a person who tows boats on a canal or river 34. hooper: a maker of hoops for barrels, casks, and tubs 35. hostler or ostler: one who cares for horses or mules, or moves or services locomotives (originally, an innkeeper, who also maintained stables) 36. huckster: a peddler (now refers to a con artist) 37. ice cutter: someone who saws blocks of ice for refrigeration 38. ironmonger: a seller of items made of iron 39. joiner: a carpenter who specializes in furniture and fittings 40. keeler: a crew member on a barge or a keelboat 41. knacker: one who buys animals or animal carcasses to use as animal food or as fertilizer (originally, a harness maker or saddle maker) 42. knocker-up: a professional waker, who literally knocks on doors or windows to rouse people from sleep 43. lamplighter: someone who lights, extinguishes, and refuels gas street lamps 44. lapidary: a jeweler 45. lector: someone who reads to factory workers for entertainment 46. log driver: someone who floats and guides logs downriver for transportation 47. milliner: a designer, maker, or seller of women’s hats 48. muleskinner: a wagon driver 49. peruker: a wigmaker 50. pinsetter: someone who sets bowling pins back up after each bowl 51. plowright: a maker of plows and other farm implements 52. plumber: originally, one who installed lead roofing or set lead frames for windows 53. porter: a doorkeeper or gatekeeper 54. puddler: a worker in wrought iron 55. quarryman: a stonecutter 56. raker: a street cleaner 57. resurrectionist: someone who digs up recently buried corpses for use as cadavers 58. ripper: a fish seller 59. roper: a maker of nets and ropes 60. sawyer: a carpenter 61. slater: a roofer 62. slopseller: a seller of ready-made clothing, as opposed to a tailor 63. stevedore: a dockworker 64. tanner: someone who cures animal hides to make leather 65. teamster: a wagon driver 66. thatcher: someone who makes thatched roofs 67. tinker: a repairer or seller of small metal goods such as pots and pans 68. turner: someone who uses a lathe to turn wood for balustrades and spindles 69. victualer: an innkeeper, or a merchant who provides food for ships or for the military 70. wainwright: a wagon maker 71. webster: a weaver 72. weirkeeper: a fish trapper 73. wharfinger: an owner or operator of a wharf 74. wheelwright: a maker of wheels for carriages and wagons 75. whitesmith: a worker of tin Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Apply to, Apply for, and Apply withHow to Play HQ Words: Cheats, Tips and Tricks15 English Words of Indian Origin

Erving Goffman - Biography and Works

Erving Goffman - Biography and Works Erving Goffman (1922-1982) was a major Canadian-American sociologist who played a significant role in the development of modern American sociology. He is considered by some to be the most influential sociologist of the 20th century, thanks to his many significant and lasting contributions to the field.  He is widely known and celebrated as a major figure in the development of  symbolic interaction theory  and for developing the dramaturgical perspective. His most widely read works include  The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life  and  Stigma: Notes the Management of Spoiled Identity. Major Contributions Goffman is credited for making significant contributions to the field of sociology. He is considered a pioneer of micro-sociology, or the close examination of the social interactions that compose everyday life. Through this type of work, Goffman presented evidence and theory for the social construction of the self as it is presented to and managed for others, created the concept of framing and the perspective of frame analysis, and set the foundation for the study of impression management. In addition, through his study of social interaction, Goffman made a lasting mark on how sociologists understand and study stigma and how it affects the lives of people who experience it. His studies also laid the groundwork for the study of strategic interaction within game theory and laid the foundation for the method and subfield of conversation analysis. Based on his study of mental institutions, Goffman created the concept and framework for studying total institutions and the process of resocialization that takes place within them. Early Life and Education Erving Goffman was born June 11, 1922, in Alberta, Canada. His parents, Max and Anne Goffman, were Ukrainian Jews and had emigrated to Canada prior to his birth. After his parents moved to Manitoba, Goffman attended St. Johns Technical High School in Winnipeg and in 1939 he began his university studies in chemistry at the University of Manitoba. Goffman would later switch to studying sociology at the University of Toronto and completed his B.A. in 1945. Following that, Goffman enrolled at the University of Chicago for graduate school and completed a Ph.D. in sociology in 1953. Trained in the tradition of the Chicago School of Sociology, Goffman conducted ethnographic research  and studied symbolic interaction theory. Among his major influences were Herbert Blumer, Talcott Parsons, Georg Simmel, Sigmund Freud, and Émile  Durkheim. His first major study, for his doctoral dissertation, was an account of everyday social interaction and rituals on Unset, an island among the Shetland Islands chain in Scotland (Communication Conduct in an Island Community, 1953). Goffman married Angelica Choate in 1952 and a year later the couple had a son, Thomas. Sadly, Angelica committed suicide in 1964 after suffering from mental illness. Career and Later Life Following the completion of his Ph.D. and his marriage, Goffman took a job at the National Institute for Mental Health in Bethesda, MD. There, he conducted participant observation research for what would be his second book,  Asylums: Essays on the Social Situation of Mental Patients and Other Inmates, published in 1961. He described how this process of institutionalization socializes people into the role of a good patient (i.e. someone dull, harmless and inconspicuous), which in turn reinforces the notion that severe mental illness is a chronic state. Goffmans first book, published in 1956, and arguably his most widely taught and famous work, is titled  The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. Drawing on his research in the Shetland Islands, it is in this book that Goffman laid out his dramaturgical approach to studying the minutiae of everyday face-to-face interaction. He used the imagery of the theater to portray the importance of human and social action. All actions, he argued, are social performances that aim to give and maintain certain desired impressions of oneself to others. In social interactions, humans are actors on a stage playing a performance for an audience. The only time that individuals can be themselves and get rid of their role or identity in society is backstage where no audience is present. Goffman took a faculty position in the department of sociology at the University of California-Berkeley in 1958. In 1962 he was promoted to full professor. A few years later, in 1968, he was appointed the Benjamin Franklin Chair in Sociology and Anthropology at the University of Pennsylvania. Frame Analysis: An Essay on the Organization of Experience  is another of Goffman’s well-known books, published in 1974. Frame analysis is the study of the organization of social experiences and so with his book, Goffman wrote about how conceptual frames structure an individual’s perception of society. He used the concept of a picture frame to illustrate this concept. The frame, he described, represents structure and is used to hold together an individual’s context of what they are experiencing in their life, represented by a picture. In 1981 Goffman married Gillian Sankoff, a sociolinguist. Together the two had a daughter, Alice, who was born in 1982. Sadly, Goffman died of stomach cancer that same year. Today, Alice Goffman is a notable sociologist in her own right. Awards and Honors Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1969)Guggenheim Fellowship (1977-78)Cooley-Mead Award for Distinguished Scholarship, Second on Social Psychology, American Sociological Association (1979)73rd President of the American Sociological Association (1981-82)Mead Award, Society for the Study of Social Problems (1983)6th most cited author in humanities and social sciences in 2007 Other Major Publications Encounters: Two Studies in the Sociology of Interaction (1961)Behavior in Public Places (1963)Interaction Ritual (1967)Gender Advertisements (1976)Forms of Talk (1981)

Segmentation and Target Market Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Segmentation and Target Market Paper - Essay Example It is the process of splitting customers in a market into different groups (McDonald and Dunbar, 2012). Industries can segment the target market according to either large or small consumer numbers, or their geographic location. A target market refers to a group of organizations or people, for which and industry develops and implements strategic plans so as to meet the group’s needs. The essay that follows discusses on segmentation and target market within the Nike Company. Nike Company is one of the largest athletic sport equipment companies in the world. It was founded by Phil Knight, a former Oregon University coach, and has its headquarter Oregon, Beaverton (Hill and Jones, 2010). It is one of the companies that have had a tremendous growth over the past years. It has segmented markets in different areas, which include Oregon, New Hampshire, Tennessee, Europe and Japan (Porter and Norton, 2013). Its inclusion of services in other areas results from the company’s grow th and increased service need in the areas. Market Segmentation in Nike Company Demographic Characteristics This is dividing a company’s service provision according to age, race, gender, and social class, among others (Gitman and McDaniel, 2009). ... Nike’s segmentation of business in the various locations aims at meeting the same need for sport wears both to the young and the aged. Income also contributes to Nike’s market segmentation to other areas. For example, Japan is a country whose income is high due to automobile and other industries. However, it might not have the ability to produce wears suitable for sporting as those Nike Company produces. The need for proper sport wears gives Nike to expand its services to Japan. The company also produces wears for all genders where different clothes exist for women and men players. The target market in this market segment is both male and female athletes who exist in the regions around Nike Headquarters, and those in other countries like Japan. Psychographic Characteristics This involves segregating market in terms of people’s common activities, interests, and opinions (Gitman and McDaniel, 2009). Nike Company’s headquarter is in a location where people ha ve a common interest in sporting. The founder aimed at providing state-of-the-art athletic shoes that convince customers that they are the best-suited and necessary for sporting and athletic interests in the region (Hill and Jones, 2010). The psychographic segmentation by Nike targets sales from athletes from the Oregon region who have an interest in sports and need comfortable shoes to support them in their sporting activities. As Hill and Jones (2010) point, in the past Nike concentrated on making shoes for basketball and track market segments more than other sports like golf and soccer among others, but later realized that engaging in the making shoes for other sporting activities can bring a lot of profits. This made the

Corporate Restructuring and Administrative Rescue Essay

Corporate Restructuring and Administrative Rescue - Essay Example On the other hand, Town and Country Flooring (Norfolk) Limited (TFCN) was incorporated in the year 1984 and was traded as a small contract flooring provider who services the local market place in Norfolk. TCFN has been a stand alone business in complementing Town and Country Flooring Limited. In the year 2005, TCFN was sold to John Maidment, Robin Eglen, Brian Pestana and Jean L Hicks, who acquired TCFL at the same time (Report and Proposals [2], 2008). Pursuing this acquisition, there was an incessant drive to apply further development strategies for both TCFL and TCFN, which was inclusive of increasing the geographical coverage of the group with branches introduced in diversified cities. An armor service series was introduced to TCFN which involved the supply and installation of hygienic wall armor surfaces (Report and Proposals [2], 2008). TCFL grew gradually for many years whilst supplying as well as installing floor coverings, such as carpets and carpet tiles, along with dcor flooring, vinyl as well as wood floor coverings. It served four key markets, developing a powerful stand within the public sector, chief building contractors, new house builders as well as the management of facilities (Report and Proposals [1], 2008). The company has carried out several contracts by purchase order, framework type as well as standard construction industry sub-contracts. As a result, by the year 2002, the business had been performing well and has significantly incremented in infrastructure, both in the turn-over as well as the size of its work-force. This incessant growth strategy generated prosperous results, with turn-over incrementing year on year. However, unfortunately, whilst the turn-over was improvising, the directors were experiencing other problems in the management of expansion program. Overheads, which had incremented across the group so as to provide the continuing drive in order to increase volumes, were influencing on the productivity as well as the cash-flow restrictions were becoming more recurrent. In accordance with some more facts from the Directors' report, the company increased turn-over by 31 per cent during the year it gave rise to a new business unit in the Southern England are (Annual Report, 2006). Nonetheless, with the ending of the year, the Southern Office was shut and the business from there was merged in to another branch. Moreover, in addition to this, the group also experienced intricacies in the recruitment and retaining of a powerful and strong financial director. Currently, within the last six to eight months, many officials quit the business for some personal reasons, which contributed to the factors, together with a general worsening in the market place, meticulously in the construction sector, which construed to the fact that TFCL was facing a challenging period (Report and Pr